:root {
  --ink: #19342e;
  --forest: #226552;
  --forest-deep: #1e514a;
  --lake: #286e87;
  --moss: #dce8bc;
  --moss-bright: #e3efb1;
  --cream: #edf2e9;
  --paper: #f9faf7;
  --clay: #a64e32;
  --sand: #f4e6c9;
  --line: rgba(19, 35, 31, 0.16);
  --muted: #52675f;
  --serif: "Iowan Old Style", "Palatino Linotype", "Songti SC", SimSun, serif;
  --sans: Aptos, "Segoe UI", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif;
  --shell: min(1240px, calc(100vw - 64px));
}

* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

/* Readable content and consistent navigation feedback. */
a:focus-visible, button:focus-visible, input:focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid #7eaa47;
  outline-offset: 5px;
}
.site-nav a[aria-current="page"] { color: #347765; }
.site-nav a[aria-current="page"]::after { transform: scaleX(1); }
.publication-meta { flex-wrap: wrap; }
.research-card > p, .person-copy > p, .article-body { line-height: 1.85; }
.publication-copy, .brand-copy, .hero-copy { min-width: 0; }
.publication-copy h3, .footer-contact > a { overflow-wrap: anywhere; }

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  scroll-padding-top: 96px;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  background: var(--paper);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

body::before {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: -1;
  pointer-events: none;
  content: "";
  opacity: 0.22;
  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg viewBox='0 0 180 180' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cfilter id='n'%3E%3CfeTurbulence type='fractalNoise' baseFrequency='.8' numOctaves='3' stitchTiles='stitch'/%3E%3C/filter%3E%3Crect width='100%25' height='100%25' filter='url(%23n)' opacity='.08'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
}

::selection {
  color: var(--forest-deep);
  background: var(--moss-bright);
}

a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}

img,
svg {
  display: block;
  max-width: 100%;
}

button,
input,
textarea {
  font: inherit;
}

.sr-only {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px;
  height: 1px;
  padding: 0;
  margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
  white-space: nowrap;
  border: 0;
}

.skip-link {
  position: fixed;
  top: 12px;
  left: 12px;
  z-index: 100;
  padding: 10px 16px;
  color: #fff;
  background: var(--forest-deep);
  transform: translateY(-150%);
}

.skip-link:focus {
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.section-shell {
  width: var(--shell);
  margin-inline: auto;
}

.research-notice {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  min-height: 36px;
  padding-inline: max(32px, calc((100vw - 1240px) / 2));
  color: #dce8e3;
  background: #275e54;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 750;
  letter-spacing: 0.09em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.research-notice p {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  margin: 0;
  gap: 10px;
}

.research-notice p span {
  width: 6px;
  height: 6px;
  background: var(--moss-bright);
  border-radius: 50%;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(215, 238, 140, 0.09);
}

.research-notice a {
  color: var(--moss-bright);
}

.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 50;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  width: 100%;
  min-height: 86px;
  padding: 12px max(32px, calc((100vw - 1240px) / 2));
  background: rgba(249, 250, 247, 0.95);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  backdrop-filter: blur(18px);
  transition: border-color 180ms ease, min-height 180ms ease;
}

.site-header.scrolled {
  min-height: 72px;
  border-bottom-color: var(--line);
}

.brand {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 14px;
}

.brand-mark {
  display: grid;
  width: 47px;
  height: 47px;
  place-items: center;
  color: var(--moss-bright);
  background: var(--forest);
  border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 12%;
  box-shadow: inset 0 -3px 0 #d5b771;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
}

.brand-copy {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  line-height: 1.25;
}

.brand-copy strong {
  font-size: 16px;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
}

.brand-copy small {
  margin-top: 3px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}

.site-nav {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: clamp(19px, 2vw, 34px);
}

.site-nav a {
  position: relative;
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 650;
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
}

.site-nav a:not(.language-switch)::after {
  position: absolute;
  right: 0;
  bottom: -7px;
  left: 0;
  height: 1px;
  content: "";
  background: currentColor;
  transform: scaleX(0);
  transform-origin: right;
  transition: transform 180ms ease;
}

.site-nav a:hover::after,
.site-nav a:focus-visible::after {
  transform: scaleX(1);
  transform-origin: left;
}

.language-switch {
  min-width: 48px;
  padding: 8px 13px;
  text-align: center;
  border: 1px solid var(--ink);
  border-radius: 999px;
  transition: color 180ms ease, background 180ms ease;
}

.language-switch:hover {
  color: var(--paper);
  background: var(--ink);
}

.menu-toggle {
  display: none;
  padding: 10px;
  background: none;
  border: 0;
}

.menu-toggle span:not(.sr-only) {
  display: block;
  width: 23px;
  height: 1px;
  margin: 6px;
  background: var(--ink);
}

.hero {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(440px, 0.92fr);
  align-items: center;
  min-height: calc(100svh - 122px);
  padding-block: 72px 82px;
  gap: clamp(32px, 7vw, 110px);
}

.hero-meta {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.1fr 0.9fr;
  max-width: 650px;
  margin: 52px 0 0;
  padding: 19px 0 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  gap: 25px;
}

.hero-meta > div {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 4px;
}

.hero-meta dt {
  color: var(--clay);
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.13em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.hero-meta dd {
  margin: 0;
  color: #52605b;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.eyebrow,
.kicker {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--forest);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.eyebrow {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 12px;
}

.eyebrow span {
  display: inline-block;
  width: 32px;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--forest);
}

.hero h1 {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin: 30px 0 28px;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(55px, 6vw, 92px);
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: -0.055em;
  line-height: 0.99;
  text-wrap: balance;
}

html[lang="zh-CN"] .hero h1 {
  font-size: clamp(55px, 4.8vw, 74px);
  line-height: 1.18;
}

.hero-title-line { display: block; }

.hero-intro {
  max-width: 660px;
  margin: 0;
  color: #47534f;
  font-size: clamp(16px, 1.35vw, 20px);
  line-height: 1.85;
}

.hero-actions {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  margin-top: 42px;
  gap: 28px;
}

.button {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  min-width: 196px;
  padding: 15px 18px 15px 22px;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  border-radius: 999px;
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 750;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  transition: transform 180ms ease, box-shadow 180ms ease, background 180ms ease;
}

.button span {
  display: grid;
  width: 31px;
  height: 31px;
  place-items: center;
  border-radius: 50%;
}

.button:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.button-primary {
  color: white;
  background: var(--forest);
  box-shadow: 0 16px 34px rgba(18, 55, 47, 0.18);
}

.button-primary span {
  color: var(--forest);
  background: var(--moss-bright);
}

.button-dark {
  color: var(--paper);
  background: var(--forest-deep);
}

.button-dark span {
  color: var(--forest-deep);
  background: var(--moss-bright);
}

.text-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 9px;
  padding-block: 5px;
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 750;
  border-bottom: 1px solid currentColor;
}

.text-link span {
  transition: transform 180ms ease;
}

.text-link:hover span {
  transform: translateX(4px);
}

.hero-visual {
  position: relative;
  width: min(100%, 600px);
  justify-self: end;
  color: var(--forest);
}

.hero-visual svg {
  overflow: visible;
}

.hero-grid {
  color: var(--forest);
}

.orbit,
.flow-line {
  fill: none;
  stroke: var(--forest);
  stroke-width: 1.1;
  stroke-dasharray: 4 7;
  opacity: 0.33;
}

.orbit-two {
  stroke-dasharray: none;
  opacity: 0.13;
}

.flow-line {
  stroke: var(--clay);
  stroke-width: 2;
  stroke-dasharray: 5 8;
  opacity: 0.75;
  animation: flow 9s linear infinite;
}

.flow-line-secondary {
  stroke: var(--forest);
  opacity: 0.36;
  animation-duration: 13s;
}

@keyframes flow {
  to { stroke-dashoffset: -130; }
}

.node circle {
  fill: var(--paper);
  stroke: var(--forest);
  stroke-width: 1.2;
}

.node-main circle {
  fill: var(--forest);
}

.node-main text:first-of-type {
  fill: var(--moss-bright);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 68px;
}

.node-label {
  fill: var(--forest);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.16em;
}

.node-main .node-label {
  fill: #dbe8df;
}

.node-small path {
  fill: none;
  stroke: var(--forest);
  stroke-linecap: round;
  stroke-linejoin: round;
  stroke-width: 2;
}

.node-soil path {
  fill: #d4b779;
  stroke: none;
}

.node-soil circle { fill: #f5ecda; }
.node-air circle, .node-water circle { fill: #eaf2f6; stroke: var(--lake); }
.node-air path, .node-water path { stroke: var(--lake); }
.node-air .node-label, .node-water .node-label { fill: var(--lake); }
.node-field circle { fill: #e8f0e1; }

.pulse-dot {
  fill: var(--clay);
  animation: pulse 2.4s ease-in-out infinite;
}

.dot-two {
  fill: var(--moss);
  animation-delay: 900ms;
}

@keyframes pulse {
  50% { opacity: 0.45; transform: scale(1.5); transform-origin: center; }
}

.visual-caption {
  position: absolute;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 30px;
  display: flex;
  max-width: 230px;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.55;
  gap: 12px;
}

.visual-caption span {
  color: var(--clay);
  font-weight: 800;
}

.signal-strip {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  color: #eaf1ed;
  background: var(--forest);
}

.signal-strip > span {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  min-height: 82px;
  padding-inline: max(32px, calc((100vw - 1240px) / 2));
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  white-space: nowrap;
  border-right: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.14);
  gap: 13px;
}

.signal-strip > span:nth-child(2) {
  justify-content: center;
  padding-inline: 20px;
}

.signal-strip > span:last-child {
  justify-content: flex-end;
}

.signal-strip b {
  color: var(--moss-bright);
  font-size: 12px;
}

.overview {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 0.34fr 1fr;
  padding-block: 150px;
  gap: 70px;
}

.section-index {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  padding-top: 12px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  gap: 18px;
}

.section-index span {
  color: var(--clay);
}

.section-index p {
  max-width: 150px;
  margin: 0;
}

.overview-content h2 {
  max-width: 780px;
  margin: 0 0 38px;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(40px, 4.8vw, 68px);
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: -0.04em;
  line-height: 1.08;
  text-wrap: balance;
}

.overview-content > p {
  max-width: 780px;
  margin: 0;
  color: #4f5b57;
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.9;
}

.principles {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  margin-top: 66px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.principles > div {
  min-height: 130px;
  padding: 26px 28px 12px 0;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.principles > div + div {
  padding-left: 28px;
}

.principles > div:last-child {
  border-right: 0;
}

.principles span {
  color: var(--clay);
  font-size: 18px;
}

.principles p {
  max-width: 180px;
  margin: 20px 0 0;
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.research-section {
  padding-block: 130px 140px;
  background: var(--cream);
  border-block: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.section-heading {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 0.45fr 1fr;
  align-items: end;
  margin-bottom: 70px;
  gap: 40px;
}

.section-heading > div {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 18px;
}

.section-heading > div > span {
  color: var(--clay);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.section-heading h2 {
  max-width: 850px;
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(38px, 4vw, 59px);
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: -0.04em;
  line-height: 1.09;
  text-wrap: balance;
}

.heading-with-link {
  display: flex !important;
  align-items: flex-end !important;
  justify-content: space-between;
  width: 100%;
  gap: 30px !important;
}

.heading-with-link .text-link {
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  margin-bottom: 7px;
  font-family: var(--sans);
}

.section-heading.light .heading-with-link .text-link {
  color: var(--moss-bright);
}

.research-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 22px;
}

/* Shared accents keep the home and research collection visually consistent. */
:is(.research-card, .collection-research-grid article) {
  --card-accent: #226552;
  --card-surface: #edf4ee;
  background: var(--card-surface);
  border: 1px solid #cbdcd2;
  border-top: 4px solid var(--card-accent);
  border-radius: 5px;
}

:is(.research-card, .collection-research-grid article):nth-child(4n + 2) {
  --card-accent: #286e87;
  --card-surface: #eaf2f6;
  border-color: #cadce4;
  border-top-color: var(--card-accent);
}

:is(.research-card, .collection-research-grid article):nth-child(4n + 3) {
  --card-accent: #a64e32;
  --card-surface: #fbf1e8;
  border-color: #e6d5c5;
  border-top-color: var(--card-accent);
}

:is(.research-card, .collection-research-grid article):nth-child(4n + 4) {
  --card-accent: #626b30;
  --card-surface: #f1f3e5;
  border-color: #dadebd;
  border-top-color: var(--card-accent);
}

.research-motif {
  position: absolute;
  right: 30px;
  top: 46px;
  width: 112px;
  height: 72px;
  color: var(--card-accent);
  opacity: 0.72;
  stroke: currentColor;
  stroke-width: 1.5;
  stroke-linecap: round;
  stroke-linejoin: round;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.research-card {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 480px;
  padding: 30px;
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: box-shadow 220ms ease, border-color 220ms ease;
}

.research-card::before {
  position: absolute;
  right: -90px;
  bottom: -110px;
  width: 260px;
  height: 260px;
  content: "";
  border: 1px solid currentColor;
  border-radius: 50%;
  opacity: 0.11;
  transition: transform 350ms ease;
}

.research-card:hover {
  border-color: var(--card-accent);
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(25, 52, 46, 0.08);
}

.research-card:hover::before {
  transform: translate(-20px, -20px) scale(1.12);
}

.research-card-top {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  min-height: 140px;
}

.card-number {
  color: var(--card-accent);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.card-tag {
  max-width: 140px;
  color: var(--card-accent);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 750;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-align: right;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.research-card:hover .card-tag {
  color: var(--card-accent);
}

.research-card img {
  width: calc(100% + 60px);
  height: 150px;
  margin: -24px -30px 28px;
  object-fit: cover;
  filter: saturate(0.7);
}

.research-card h3 {
  max-width: 470px;
  margin: 0 0 22px;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 29px;
  font-weight: 550;
  line-height: 1.2;
}

.research-card > p {
  max-width: 480px;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.8;
}

.research-card:hover > p {
  color: var(--muted);
}

.system-section, .people-section, .people-collection, .site-footer {
  --clay: #f3c58a;
}

.system-section {
  padding-block: 145px;
  color: #eaf0ec;
  background: var(--forest-deep);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}

.system-intro {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 0.36fr 1fr;
  align-items: start;
  gap: 44px;
}

.system-intro > div {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  color: var(--clay);
  gap: 18px;
}

.system-intro .kicker {
  color: var(--moss-bright);
}

.system-intro > div > span {
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.system-intro h2 {
  max-width: 790px;
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(42px, 5vw, 70px);
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: -0.045em;
  line-height: 1.05;
}

.system-intro > p {
  grid-column: 2;
  max-width: 680px;
  margin: 4px 0 0;
  color: #a9bcb5;
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.85;
}

.scale-map {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  margin-top: 95px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18);
}

.scale-axis {
  position: absolute;
  top: -5px;
  right: 0;
  left: 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  pointer-events: none;
}

.scale-axis span {
  width: 9px;
  height: 9px;
  background: var(--moss-bright);
  border: 2px solid var(--forest-deep);
  border-radius: 50%;
}

.scale-axis span:nth-child(2) { justify-self: center; }
.scale-axis span:nth-child(3) { justify-self: end; }

.scale-map article {
  min-height: 390px;
  padding: 46px 34px 34px 0;
  border-right: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.14);
}

.scale-map article + article { padding-left: 34px; }
.scale-map article:last-child { border-right: 0; }
.scale-map article > span { color: var(--clay); font-size: 12px; font-weight: 800; letter-spacing: 0.13em; }
.scale-map article h3 { margin: 55px 0 22px; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 34px; font-weight: 500; }
.scale-map article p { max-width: 330px; margin: 0; color: #a9bcb5; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.85; }
.scale-map ul { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; padding: 0; margin: 40px 0 0; list-style: none; gap: 8px; }
.scale-map li { padding: 6px 10px; color: #d9e3df; border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18); border-radius: 999px; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 750; }

.stream-heading {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-end;
  justify-content: space-between;
  margin: 100px 0 28px;
}

.stream-heading h3 {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 38px;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.stream-heading p {
  margin: 0;
  color: #81978f;
  font-size: 14px;
}

.stream-list {
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
}

.stream-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 55px minmax(230px, 0.75fr) 1fr 44px;
  align-items: center;
  min-height: 148px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.14);
  gap: 28px;
  transition: background 180ms ease, padding-inline 180ms ease;
}

.stream-row:hover {
  padding-inline: 16px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.035);
}

.stream-index { color: var(--clay); font-size: 12px; font-weight: 800; }
.stream-title small { color: var(--moss-bright); font-size: 12px; font-weight: 800; letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.stream-title h3 { margin: 7px 0 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 23px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.25; }
.stream-row > p { margin: 0; color: #9fb2ab; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.75; }
.stream-row > a { display: grid; width: 40px; height: 40px; place-items: center; color: var(--moss-bright); border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18); border-radius: 50%; }

.impact-section {
  position: relative;
  padding-block: 145px;
  overflow: hidden;
  color: var(--forest-deep);
  background: var(--moss);
}

.impact-grid {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  opacity: 0.16;
  background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(18,55,47,.38) 1px, transparent 1px), linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(18,55,47,.38) 1px, transparent 1px);
  background-size: 44px 44px;
  mask-image: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent 0, black 55%, black 100%);
}

.impact-inner {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 0.72fr 1fr;
  gap: 80px;
}

.impact-intro .kicker { color: var(--forest); }
.impact-intro h2 { max-width: 530px; margin: 25px 0 28px; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(45px, 5vw, 70px); font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: -0.045em; line-height: 1.03; }
.impact-intro > p:not(.kicker) { max-width: 530px; margin: 0 0 35px; color: #2e4a41; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.85; }
.impact-stats { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; border-top: 1px solid rgba(18, 55, 47, 0.28); border-left: 1px solid rgba(18, 55, 47, 0.28); }
.impact-stats > :is(a, article) { position: relative; min-height: 260px; padding: 25px; border-right: 1px solid rgba(18, 55, 47, 0.28); border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(18, 55, 47, 0.28); transition: color 180ms ease, background 180ms ease; }
.impact-stats > a:hover { color: #f4f6f0; background: var(--forest); }
.impact-stats > :is(a, article) > span { color: #795f4d; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 800; }
.impact-stats > :last-child:nth-child(odd) { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
.impact-stats strong { display: block; margin-top: 34px; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(42px, 4vw, 59px); font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: -0.05em; line-height: 1; }
.impact-stats h3 { margin: 12px 0 0; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 850; letter-spacing: 0.06em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.impact-stats p { max-width: 260px; margin: 18px 0 0; color: #496359; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.65; }
.impact-stats > a:hover p { color: #b8cbc4; }

.card-arrow {
  position: absolute;
  right: 30px;
  bottom: 26px;
  color: var(--clay);
  font-size: 24px;
}

.publications-section,
.news-section {
  padding-block: 140px;
}

.section-heading.compact {
  grid-template-columns: 0.45fr 1fr;
}

.publication-list {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--ink);
}

.publication-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 70px minmax(0, 1fr) 48px;
  padding-block: 34px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  gap: 24px;
  transition: padding-inline 180ms ease, background 180ms ease;
}

.publication-row:hover {
  padding-inline: 18px;
  background: var(--cream);
}

.publication-index {
  padding-top: 5px;
  color: var(--clay);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.publication-meta {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  gap: 12px;
}

.publication-meta span + span::before {
  margin-right: 12px;
  content: "·";
}

.publication-meta mark {
  padding: 3px 8px;
  color: var(--forest);
  background: var(--moss-bright);
  border-radius: 999px;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.publication-copy h3 {
  max-width: 930px;
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(22px, 2.2vw, 31px);
  font-weight: 550;
  line-height: 1.32;
}

.publication-copy > p {
  margin: 12px 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 16px;
}

.publication-copy small {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 8px;
  color: #8b6e5f;
  font-size: 12px;
}

.publication-row > a {
  display: grid;
  width: 42px;
  height: 42px;
  align-self: center;
  place-items: center;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 50%;
  transition: color 180ms ease, background 180ms ease;
}

.publication-row > a:hover {
  color: var(--moss-bright);
  background: var(--forest);
}

.people-section {
  padding-block: 135px 150px;
  color: #f5f7f1;
  background: var(--forest-deep);
}

.section-heading.light .kicker,
.section-heading.light h2 {
  color: #f5f7f1;
}

.people-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 36px;
}

.people-layout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.35fr) minmax(280px, 0.65fr);
  gap: 28px;
}

.people-layout .people-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }

.profile-context {
  padding: 42px;
  color: var(--forest-deep);
  background: var(--moss);
}

.profile-context .kicker { color: var(--forest); }
.profile-context > h3 { margin: 30px 0 65px; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 37px; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: -0.035em; line-height: 1.12; }
.profile-timeline { border-top: 1px solid rgba(18, 55, 47, 0.25); }
.profile-timeline > div { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 35px 1fr; padding-block: 20px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(18, 55, 47, 0.25); gap: 14px; }
.profile-timeline span { color: #7d6653; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 800; }
.profile-timeline p { display: flex; flex-direction: column; margin: 0; }
.profile-timeline strong { font-size: 14px; }
.profile-timeline small { margin-top: 4px; color: #486158; font-size: 12px; }

.person-card {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(210px, 0.8fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
  align-items: center;
  min-height: 360px;
  background: #11362e;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
}

.person-portrait {
  position: relative;
  height: 100%;
  min-height: 360px;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: #d5ddcc;
}

.person-portrait > img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center top;
}

.portrait-placeholder {
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  min-height: 360px;
  color: var(--forest-deep);
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--moss);
}

.portrait-placeholder > span {
  position: absolute;
  top: 24px;
  left: 26px;
  z-index: 2;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 75px;
  opacity: 0.5;
}

.portrait-placeholder svg {
  position: absolute;
  inset: auto 0 0;
  width: 100%;
  fill: #173f35;
  opacity: 0.88;
}

.portrait-placeholder svg circle {
  fill: var(--clay);
}

.person-number {
  position: absolute;
  right: 18px;
  bottom: 15px;
  color: white;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.person-copy {
  padding: 42px;
}

.person-copy > p {
  margin: 0 0 9px;
  color: var(--moss-bright);
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.13em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.person-copy h3 {
  margin: 0 0 24px;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 38px;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.person-copy > div {
  color: #bfd0ca;
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.85;
}

.person-copy > a {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-top: 24px;
  color: var(--moss-bright);
  font-size: 14px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid currentColor;
}

.news-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 1px;
  background: var(--line);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.news-card {
  min-height: 390px;
  padding: 30px;
  background: var(--paper);
}

.news-card.news-featured {
  color: #f4f6f0;
  background: var(--forest);
}

.news-card > img {
  width: calc(100% + 60px);
  height: 160px;
  margin: -30px -30px 28px;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.news-card > div {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  min-height: 26px;
}

.news-card time,
.latest-label {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.09em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.news-featured time {
  color: #b9ccc5;
}

.latest-label {
  padding: 4px 8px;
  color: var(--forest-deep);
  background: var(--moss-bright);
  border-radius: 999px;
}

.news-card h3 {
  margin: 38px 0 16px;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 26px;
  font-weight: 550;
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.news-card h3 a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 4px;
}

.news-card > p {
  margin: 0 0 34px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.8;
}

.news-featured > p {
  color: #bfd0ca;
}

.news-card .text-link {
  margin-top: auto;
  font-size: 14px;
}

.join-section {
  position: relative;
  padding-block: 150px;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--sand);
}

.join-orbit {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  right: -13vw;
  width: min(48vw, 700px);
  aspect-ratio: 1;
  border: 1px solid rgba(18, 55, 47, 0.35);
  border-radius: 50%;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
}

.join-orbit::before,
.join-orbit::after {
  position: absolute;
  content: "";
  border: 1px solid rgba(18, 55, 47, 0.22);
  border-radius: 50%;
}

.join-orbit::before { inset: 13%; }
.join-orbit::after { inset: 34%; background: rgba(243, 241, 232, 0.3); }

.join-inner {
  position: relative;
}

.join-inner h2 {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin: 25px 0 28px;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(48px, 6vw, 83px);
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: -0.05em;
  line-height: 1;
}

.join-inner > p:not(.kicker) {
  max-width: 650px;
  margin: 0 0 38px;
  color: #29463e;
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.85;
}

.source-note {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 0.3fr 1fr;
  padding-block: 48px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 14px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  gap: 40px;
}

.source-note span {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.source-note p {
  max-width: 820px;
  margin: 0;
}

.site-footer {
  padding: 80px max(32px, calc((100vw - 1240px) / 2)) 30px;
  color: #edf3ef;
  background: var(--forest-deep);
}

.footer-main {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 0.55fr;
  padding-bottom: 75px;
  gap: 60px;
}

.footer-mark {
  display: grid;
  width: 58px;
  height: 58px;
  margin-bottom: 28px;
  place-items: center;
  color: var(--forest-deep);
  background: var(--moss-bright);
  border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 14%;
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.footer-main h2 {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 34px;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.footer-main > div > p,
.footer-contact p {
  max-width: 480px;
  margin: 12px 0 0;
  color: #a9bdb5;
  font-size: 16px;
}

.footer-contact > span {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  color: var(--moss-bright);
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.footer-contact > a {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 25px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
}

.footer-bottom {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  padding-top: 24px;
  color: #779087;
  font-size: 12px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
}

.footer-bottom p {
  margin: 0;
}

.footer-bottom a:hover {
  color: var(--moss-bright);
}

.empty-state {
  padding: 60px;
  color: var(--muted);
  text-align: center;
  border: 1px dashed var(--line);
}

.empty-state.dark {
  color: #a9bdb5;
  border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
}

.article-page {
  min-height: 70vh;
  padding: 90px 32px 140px;
}

.article-shell {
  width: min(880px, 100%);
  margin-inline: auto;
}

.back-link {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-bottom: 65px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.article-header time {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 34px;
  color: var(--clay);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.article-header h1 {
  margin: 20px 0 28px;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(44px, 6vw, 74px);
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: -0.045em;
  line-height: 1.05;
}

.article-header > p:last-child {
  max-width: 720px;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 18px;
}

.article-cover {
  width: 100%;
  max-height: 500px;
  margin-top: 60px;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.article-body {
  max-width: 720px;
  margin: 70px auto 0;
  color: #35433e;
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 2;
  white-space: pre-line;
}

.not-found {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: flex-start;
  justify-content: center;
  min-height: 70vh;
  padding-block: 90px;
}

.not-found > p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--clay);
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.not-found h1 {
  max-width: 780px;
  margin: 15px 0 45px;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(46px, 7vw, 90px);
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: -0.05em;
  line-height: 1;
}

.collection-page {
  background: var(--paper);
}

.collection-page--research {
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #eaf2ed 0, var(--paper) 600px);
}

.collection-hero {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 0.65fr;
  align-items: end;
  min-height: 520px;
  padding-block: 105px 85px;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
  gap: 60px;
}

.collection-hero::after {
  position: absolute;
  top: 90px;
  right: 7%;
  width: 270px;
  height: 270px;
  content: "";
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 50%;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 55px rgba(18, 55, 47, 0.025), 0 0 0 110px rgba(18, 55, 47, 0.018);
}

.collection-hero h1 {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  margin: 32px 0 0;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(76px, 10vw, 145px);
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: -0.065em;
  line-height: 0.88;
}

.collection-hero > p {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  max-width: 510px;
  margin: 0 0 12px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.85;
}

.collection-number {
  position: absolute;
  top: 60px;
  right: 0;
  color: var(--clay);
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.collection-content {
  padding-block: 115px 145px;
}

.collection-hero--research {
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 0.9fr;
  align-items: center;
  min-height: 410px;
  padding-block: 55px 50px;
  border-bottom-color: #a9c6b7;
  gap: 70px;
}

.collection-hero--research::after { display: none; }
.collection-hero--research h1 {
  margin-top: 25px;
  font-size: clamp(62px, 7.4vw, 104px);
  line-height: 1.05;
  letter-spacing: -0.045em;
  color: var(--forest);
}
.collection-hero--research .eyebrow { color: var(--lake); }
.collection-hero--research .eyebrow span { background: var(--lake); }
.collection-hero--research .collection-number { top: 25px; font-size: 14px; }
.collection-intro { min-width: 0; }
.ecology-landscape { width: 100%; height: auto; }
.collection-intro > p { margin: 12px 0 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.8; }
.collection-intro .atlas-caption { color: var(--lake); font-size: 12px; font-weight: 800; letter-spacing: 0.15em; }
.collection-page--research .collection-content { padding-top: 50px; }

.collection-research-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 22px;
}

.collection-research-grid article {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 340px;
  padding: 32px;
}

.collection-research-grid .research-motif { top: 28px; height: 68px; }
.collection-research-grid article > span { display: grid; width: 38px; height: 38px; place-items: center; color: var(--card-accent); background: #fff; border: 1px solid currentColor; border-radius: 50%; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 800; }
.collection-research-grid article > p { margin: 38px 0 14px; color: var(--card-accent); font-size: 14px; font-weight: 800; letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.collection-research-grid h2 { margin: 0 0 20px; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 34px; font-weight: 550; line-height: 1.3; text-wrap: balance; }
.collection-research-grid article > div { color: #40594f; font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.85; }

.method-band {
  margin-top: 80px;
  padding: 36px;
  color: #e7efeb;
  background: #245668;
  border-radius: 5px;
}

.method-band .kicker { color: var(--moss-bright); }
.method-band > div { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); margin-top: 33px; border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18); }
.method-band span { display: flex; flex-direction: column; min-height: 105px; padding: 24px 18px 5px 0; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 700; border-right: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15); gap: 18px; }
.method-band span + span { padding-left: 18px; }
.method-band span:last-child { border-right: 0; }
.method-band b { color: #f3c58a; font-size: 14px; }

.collection-section-heading {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 0.32fr 1fr;
  align-items: end;
  margin: 120px 0 40px;
  gap: 40px;
}

.collection-section-heading h2 { margin: 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 54px; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: -0.04em; }
.collection-streams { color: var(--ink); border-color: var(--line); }
.collection-streams .stream-row { border-color: var(--line); }
.collection-streams .stream-title small { color: #6d844d; }
.collection-streams .stream-row > p { color: var(--muted); }
.collection-streams .stream-row > a { color: var(--forest); border-color: var(--line); }
.collection-streams .stream-row:hover { background: var(--cream); }

.publication-summary {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto 1fr auto;
  align-items: baseline;
  margin-bottom: 70px;
  padding: 34px 0;
  border-block: 1px solid var(--line);
  gap: 20px;
}

.publication-summary span { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 65px; line-height: 1; }
.publication-summary p { margin: 0; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 800; }
.publication-summary small { color: var(--muted); font-size: 12px; }

#publication-results { scroll-margin-top: 110px; }
.publication-pagination { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 20px; margin-top: 40px; }
.publication-pagination > p { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 13px; }
.pagination-controls { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: 8px; }
.pagination-controls a, .pagination-controls [aria-current], .pagination-direction { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; min-width: 44px; min-height: 44px; padding: 10px 12px; border: 1px solid var(--line); font-size: 13px; }
.pagination-controls a:hover, .pagination-controls [aria-current] { color: #fff; background: var(--forest); border-color: var(--forest); }
.pagination-controls a:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--forest); outline-offset: 3px; }
.pagination-controls [aria-disabled] { color: var(--muted); opacity: 0.55; }
.pagination-ellipsis { padding: 0 4px; color: var(--muted); }
@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .publication-pagination { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }
  .pagination-controls { gap: 5px; }
  .pagination-controls a, .pagination-controls [aria-current], .pagination-direction { padding-inline: 10px; }
}

.people-collection {
  color: #eef3ef;
  background: var(--forest-deep);
}

.people-collection-inner { padding-block: 125px; }
.person-feature { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(300px, 0.75fr) 1.25fr; min-height: 580px; border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.14); }
.person-feature-portrait { min-height: 580px; align-self: start; background: var(--forest); }
.person-feature-portrait img { display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; object-fit: contain; }
.person-feature-portrait .portrait-placeholder { width: 100%; height: 100%; min-height: 580px; }
.person-feature-copy { padding: clamp(45px, 7vw, 95px); }
.person-feature-copy .kicker { color: var(--moss-bright); }
.person-feature-copy h2 { margin: 22px 0 34px; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 68px; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: -0.045em; }
.person-feature-copy > div { max-width: 650px; color: #b8c9c3; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.9; }
.person-feature-copy dl { margin: 60px 0 0; border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.16); }
.person-feature-copy dl > div { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 125px 1fr; padding-block: 17px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.16); gap: 22px; }
.person-feature-copy dt { color: #b8c9c3; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 800; letter-spacing: 0.04em; }
.person-feature-copy dd { margin: 0; color: #e5ece8; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.profile-detail-list { margin: 0; padding-left: 1.1em; }
.profile-detail-list li + li { margin-top: 12px; }

.news-archive { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); border-top: 1px solid var(--ink); border-left: 1px solid var(--line); }
.news-archive article { min-height: 390px; padding: 28px; border-right: 1px solid var(--line); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.news-archive article > span { color: var(--clay); font-size: 12px; font-weight: 800; }
.news-archive time { display: block; margin-top: 64px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 12px; font-weight: 750; }
.news-archive h2 { margin: 18px 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 28px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.25; }
.news-archive h2 a:hover { text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 4px; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; }
.news-archive article > p { color: var(--muted); font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.75; }
.news-archive .text-link { margin-top: 25px; font-size: 12px; }

.collection-cta { padding-block: 100px; background: var(--sand); }
.collection-cta > div { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 0.35fr 1fr auto; align-items: center; gap: 40px; }
.collection-cta h2 { max-width: 660px; margin: 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 48px; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: -0.04em; line-height: 1.05; }

[data-reveal] {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: none;
  transition: opacity 650ms ease, transform 650ms ease;
}

html.reveal-ready [data-reveal]:not(.revealed) {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(24px);
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  *, *::before, *::after { animation-duration: 0.01ms !important; animation-iteration-count: 1 !important; transition-duration: 0.01ms !important; }
  html.reveal-ready [data-reveal] { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
}

@media (max-width: 1050px) {
  :root { --shell: min(100% - 48px, 960px); }
  .site-header { padding-inline: 24px; }
  .site-nav { gap: 18px; }
  .site-nav a { font-size: 14px; }
  .hero { grid-template-columns: 1fr 0.8fr; gap: 24px; }
  .hero h1 { font-size: clamp(51px, 6.8vw, 72px); }
  .visual-caption { bottom: 0; }
  .research-card { min-height: 520px; padding: 25px; }
  .person-card { grid-template-columns: 0.78fr 1fr; }
  .person-copy { padding: 28px; }
  .impact-inner { gap: 45px; }
  .stream-row { grid-template-columns: 42px minmax(210px, 0.8fr) 1fr 40px; gap: 18px; }
  .profile-context { padding: 32px; }
  .profile-context > h3 { font-size: 31px; }
}

@media (max-width: 1050px) {
  .research-notice { padding-inline: 24px; }
  .brand-copy small { display: none; }
  .site-header { flex-wrap: wrap; }
  .site-nav { width: 100%; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: flex-start; }
  html.navigation-ready .site-header { flex-wrap: nowrap; }
  html.navigation-ready .menu-toggle { display: block; }
  html.navigation-ready .site-nav {
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    right: 0;
    left: 0;
    display: none;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
    padding: 20px 24px 30px;
    background: var(--paper);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
    gap: 0;
  }
  html.navigation-ready .site-nav.open { display: flex; }
  .site-nav a { padding: 13px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .site-nav .language-switch { margin-top: 15px; border: 1px solid var(--ink); }
  .hero { grid-template-columns: 1fr; padding-top: 68px; }
  .hero-copy { position: relative; z-index: 2; }
  .hero-visual { width: min(92%, 570px); margin: -25px auto 0; justify-self: center; }
  .signal-strip > span { padding-inline: 24px; }
  .overview { grid-template-columns: 1fr; padding-block: 100px; gap: 34px; }
  .section-heading, .section-heading.compact { grid-template-columns: 1fr; align-items: start; gap: 24px; }
  .research-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .research-card { min-height: 370px; }
  .research-card-top { min-height: 125px; }
  .people-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .heading-with-link { align-items: flex-start !important; flex-direction: column; gap: 15px !important; }
  .system-intro { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 28px; }
  .system-intro > p { grid-column: 1; }
  .scale-map { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .scale-axis { display: none; }
  .scale-map article, .scale-map article + article { min-height: 290px; padding: 38px 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.14); }
  .scale-map article:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
  .scale-map article h3 { margin-top: 28px; }
  .stream-row { grid-template-columns: 35px minmax(0, 1fr) 40px; padding-block: 25px; }
  .stream-row > p { grid-column: 2 / -1; }
  .impact-inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .people-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .news-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .news-card { min-height: 360px; }
  .source-note { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 12px; }
  .collection-hero { grid-template-columns: 1fr; min-height: 470px; gap: 30px; }
  .collection-hero > p { max-width: 650px; }
  .collection-hero--research { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 35px; min-height: 350px; }
  .collection-hero--research h1 { font-size: clamp(52px, 7.4vw, 80px); }
  .collection-research-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .collection-research-grid article { min-height: 330px; }
  .collection-research-grid article > p { margin-top: 38px; }
  .method-band > div { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .method-band span:nth-child(2) { border-right: 0; }
  .collection-section-heading { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 15px; }
  .person-feature { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .person-feature-portrait { min-height: 470px; }
  .news-archive { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .collection-cta > div { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

@media (max-width: 560px) {
  :root { --shell: calc(100% - 34px); }
  .site-header { min-height: 72px; padding-inline: 17px; }
  .research-notice { justify-content: center; min-height: 32px; padding-inline: 17px; }
  .research-notice p { display: none; }
  .brand { gap: 10px; }
  .brand-mark { width: 42px; height: 42px; }
  .brand-copy strong { font-size: 16px; }
  .hero { min-height: auto; padding-block: 65px 75px; }
  .hero h1 { margin-top: 22px; font-size: clamp(46px, 14vw, 64px); }
  html[lang="zh-CN"] .hero h1 { font-size: clamp(38px, 11vw, 54px); }
  .hero-intro { font-size: 16px; }
  .hero-actions { align-items: flex-start; flex-direction: column; margin-top: 34px; gap: 18px; }
  .hero-meta { grid-template-columns: 1fr; margin-top: 38px; gap: 14px; }
  .hero-visual { width: 108%; margin-left: -4%; }
  .visual-caption { right: 16px; bottom: 4px; }
  .signal-strip { grid-template-columns: 1fr; padding-block: 8px; }
  .signal-strip > span, .signal-strip > span:nth-child(2), .signal-strip > span:last-child { justify-content: flex-start; min-height: 45px; padding-inline: 20px; border-right: 0; }
  .overview { padding-block: 85px; }
  .overview-content h2 { font-size: 41px; }
  .overview-content > p { font-size: 16px; }
  .principles { grid-template-columns: 1fr; margin-top: 48px; }
  .principles > div, .principles > div + div { min-height: auto; padding: 21px 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .principles p { max-width: none; margin-top: 10px; }
  .research-section, .publications-section, .news-section, .people-section { padding-block: 90px; }
  .system-section, .impact-section { padding-block: 90px; }
  .section-heading { margin-bottom: 44px; }
  .section-heading h2 { font-size: 39px; }
  .research-card { min-height: 410px; }
  .publication-row { grid-template-columns: 34px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 10px; }
  .publication-row > a { grid-column: 2; }
  .publication-meta { flex-wrap: wrap; }
  .person-card { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .person-portrait, .portrait-placeholder { min-height: 330px; }
  .person-copy { padding: 30px; }
  .system-intro h2 { font-size: 42px; }
  .scale-map { margin-top: 60px; }
  .stream-heading { align-items: flex-start; flex-direction: column; margin-top: 70px; gap: 8px; }
  .stream-row { grid-template-columns: 28px 1fr 36px; gap: 12px; }
  .stream-row > p { grid-column: 1 / -1; padding-left: 40px; }
  .impact-stats { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .impact-stats > :is(a, article) { min-height: 220px; }
  .profile-context { padding: 28px; }
  .news-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .join-section { padding-block: 100px; }
  .join-orbit { right: -70vw; width: 130vw; }
  .join-inner h2 { font-size: 51px; }
  .footer-main { grid-template-columns: 1fr; padding-bottom: 55px; }
  .footer-contact > a { font-size: 18px; }
  .footer-bottom { flex-direction: column; gap: 8px; }
  .article-page { padding: 65px 18px 100px; }
  .article-header h1 { font-size: 45px; }
  .article-body { font-size: 16px; }
  .collection-hero { min-height: 420px; padding-block: 75px 60px; }
  .collection-hero h1 { font-size: 67px; }
  .collection-hero::after { right: -80px; width: 220px; height: 220px; }
  .collection-hero--research { grid-template-columns: 1fr; padding-block: 48px 32px; gap: 28px; }
  .collection-hero--research h1 { font-size: clamp(52px, 16vw, 67px); }
  .collection-intro .ecology-landscape { max-width: 420px; }
  .collection-page--research .collection-content { padding-top: 30px; }
  .collection-research-grid article { padding: 25px; }
  .collection-research-grid h2 { font-size: 29px; }
  .collection-research-grid .research-motif { right: 25px; top: 25px; height: 60px; }
  .collection-content { padding-block: 80px 100px; }
  .method-band { padding: 25px; }
  .method-band > div { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .method-band span, .method-band span + span { min-height: auto; padding: 18px 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.15); }
  .collection-section-heading { margin-top: 85px; }
  .collection-section-heading h2 { font-size: 42px; }
  .publication-summary { grid-template-columns: auto 1fr; }
  .publication-summary small { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
  .people-collection-inner { padding-block: 85px; }
  .person-feature-portrait, .person-feature-portrait .portrait-placeholder { min-height: 390px; }
  .person-feature-copy { padding: 32px; }
  .person-feature-copy h2 { font-size: 52px; }
  .person-feature-copy dl > div { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 5px; }
  .news-archive { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .news-archive article { min-height: 330px; }
  .collection-cta h2 { font-size: 41px; }
}

/* Give the illustration caption its own reading space. */
.hero-visual .visual-caption { position: relative; right: auto; bottom: auto; margin: 16px 0 0; max-width: 100%; }
.hero-visual svg { display: block; }
.hero-actions .button { gap: 16px; }